Chemically, polythene is a polymer of ethylene of high molecular weight. It is a thermoplastic material which when heated gets softened due to weakening of intermolecular forces and melts. On cooling it solidifies again.
Most of the polythene are brightly coloured. Toxic chemicals or binding agents like lead and cadmium are added to the polythene. Some times, colour may get pinched off from it which affects the food stuff kept in it and causes toxic effects. Red and Yellow coloured polythene are especially harmful.
The consumption pattern of polythene shows that while 85% of the common people use upto 15 polythene bags per week, the use is upto 300 polythene bags per week in 50% of the shopkeepers and more than 500 polythene bags per week in about 40% of the shopkeepers. Maximum use of polythene is as multipurpose carry-bag for carrying fruit and vegetables, grocery item etc. while 18% of the population use it for packaging purpose. According to this survey although 80% of the population is well aware about the fact that polythene is not degradable, about 90% of the population knows that polythene can cause clogging of drains while 50% of them have actually experienced the problem a number of times in their own locality and about 12% are fully aware about the whole range of harmful effects caused by polythene, yet the attitude of the people regarding disposal of polythene is very discouraging 50% of the population just throws away the discarded polythene while 8-10% burn it and 10-12% of the people act wise enough to give it to the junk-dealer who sells it to the recycling plant. In fact, most of junk dealers also do not like to take this light-weight polythene junk which becomes too bulky. Consequently, the polythene waste is not disposed off in an eco-friendly manner. The people of Hisar are, however, interested in switching over to alternatives of polythene for carrying articles 30% of the masses show interest in cotton bags, 27% in paper bags, 24% in jute bags while a minor fraction of 4% is not willing to replace polythene since they are of the opinion that there is no substitute for polythene.
An eye-opening news item in The Tribune, (Feb. 4, 98) highlighting “287 foreign bodies inside a cow” was sensational enough to reveal to us what deadly injury we are causing to these helpless creatures which otherwise are worshipped by all Hindus as “Mother”! 48 kg of polythene and 287 foreign bodies were taken out by the veterinary surgeons Dr Kulvinder Singh and Dr Bhupinder Singh of Jammu Univ. from two cows.
In a national seminar on protection and preservation of animals it was reported that 60% of the stray cows die, due to consumption of polythene bags.  DR SUDHIR TOMAR


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